These guidelines aim to raise awareness, guide learning, and support the use of culturally sensitive terms and phrases that center the voices and perspectives of those who are often marginalized or stereotyped.
This page addresses when to include digital object identifiers (DOIs) and uniform resource locators (URLs) in APA Style references. Also check out the related topic of when to include database information in references.
What is a DOI and does my article have one?
DOI stands for Digital Object Identifier. If a DOI exists for a publication, APA style requires reference list citations to contain the DOI number. Although some databases will include the DOI number, you can search for a DOI using the title, author or text of a publication by clicking on this link to Crossref.org. Crossref will also allow you to search by DOI.